Freuds Interpretations of Uncanny Essay - 653 Words

Freud’s concept of the â€Å"uncanny† is a highly influential and valued in psychoanalysis and literature. As Freud explains, it reveals much about his understanding of human beings as being essentially determined by their fears and unconscious desires. His interpretation of uncanny can be analyzed in two ways: linguistic and actual. In the beginning, he starts with the term â€Å"uncanny†, which is taken from German word â€Å"unheimlich†, literally meaning â€Å"un-home-like† – something unfamiliar and unknown, never experienced before. The problem is that the definition of the word and the linguistic peculiarities take half of the whole reading, so we get to the point after the second half. Freud then argues that the uncanny is a result of returned†¦show more content†¦This argument is influenced by the Greek tragedy Oedipus Rex. The act of Oedipus blinding himself after finding out about his parentage is perceived as a symbolic castration. This statement can be explained by the ancient Greek laws which would punish the incest with his mother by castration. However, we can observe inconsistency here. As a reader, I still cannot draw the similarity between the two fears and cannot possibly compare eyes to the genitals in any ways. It may work on males, but I highly doubt that for females it is the same thing. The comparison of The Sandman with Oedipus Rex made me think about the thematic resemblance of two pieces. Here the subject of reality-testing is also important. The levels of uncanniness vary depending on the style of the book. The reader’s sensibility to the text is adjusted to the style. If it is a tale, every uncanny seems â€Å"normal†. Fiction creates an uncanny effect only when actual conditions are being narrated. So, the reader in a way shares the perspective of a character experiencing the uncanny along with him. If you read the whole Hoffmann’s tale, you get completely different meaning out of it. Freud does not take into account the whole text but just the parts he considers important for his analysis. Freud’s analysis seems very persuasive for those who did not care enough to spend theShow MoreRelated##canny : An Analysis Of Jean Rhys Mannequin1060 Words   |  5 PagesThe uncanny makes us question the work we’re reading/seeing; we ask ourselves, â€Å"is this ‘thing’ real?† We often see a visual representation of the uncanny; looking at an example of today’s trend, we see a user on Instagram with the username â€Å"lilmiquela,† this is a perfect visual representation of the uncanny because we see this user that looks like a human, has details of a human, but she looks like a digital human, yet she takes pictures with people who look like real people, and she socializesRead MoreEssay on Nella Larsens Passing1387 Words   |  6 Pages The concept of the uncanny can be a difficult one to comprehend; this is why Freud begins his essay with an analysis of the different definitions of the uncanny in various languages. Ultimately Freud rests that the German terms â€Å"heimlich† and â€Å"unheimlich† best match the definition of the uncanny because it is translated as familiar and unfamiliar. The uncanny can be defined as something that creates a feeling of familiarity but also unfamiliarity, and this unfamiliarity is what is fearful to theRead MoreThe Uncanny And Emily Bronte s Wuthering Heights1746 Words   |  7 PagesAssessment 1: Critical Commentary Freud’s The Uncanny and Emily Brontà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Wuthering Heights The principal idea in Sigmund Freud’s interpretation of The Uncanny theory centres around the Heimlich, translating to ‘homely’ and thus, what is familiar, and the Unheimlich, which is often translated to what is ‘Uncanny’ defined as ‘what is [†¦] frightening precisely because it is not known and familiar’ (Freud, 1919) or later described as something that is ‘secretly familiar which has undergone repression’Read MoreThe Sandman1102 Words   |  5 PagesE.T.A. Hoffmanns The Sandman illuminates Freuds theory of the Uncanny. Freud’s understanding of Nathaniel in E.T.A. Hoffmann’s â€Å"The Sandman† is that the Nathaniel’s â€Å"madman† like actions are the result of the return of his suppressed juvenile material. Nathaniel is the protagonist and is convinced that a frightful destiny awaits him. His fear focuses on a threatening old man whom he has understood since infantile to be the â €Å"Sandman†, a monster who takes away the eyes of children who are awakeRead MoreThe Tale of Bigfoot1634 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Carradine and Joi Lansing I have made connections to the concepts and theories we have discussed in class. To name some of these theorists and concepts such as, Mary Douglas theory of dirt, Aristotle’s conceptualization of reproduction, Freud’s uncanny and the double, and Ann Ratcliff’s difference between terror and horror. Despite the terrible and cheesy 1970’s effects this movie is actually enjoyable to watch and the perfect movie for analyzing the theoretical concepts we have learned throughoutRead MoreMarx, Nietzsche, And Marx : A Critical Analysis Of The Hermeneutics Of Criticity1268 Words   |  6 PagesCriticism of political life is necessary for the advancement of society and the politics that govern everyday life. Hermeneutics of suspicion, as put by literary theorist, Rita Felski, â€Å"is a style of inter pretation that circumvents obvious or self-evident meanings in order to draw out less visible and less flattering truths.† This is exactly what Marx, Nietzsche, and Freud do as critics; they provide us with strategies of critical thinking that can be applied to complex subjects; they teach us toRead More Art, Surrealism, and the Grotesque Essay4657 Words   |  19 Pagesthrough therapeutic rationality. There are volumes of Freudian art criticism, which typically begin by calling attention to manifestations, in some work of art, of the darkest desires of the id. Perhaps in no field of art criticism does Freuds name appear more frequently than in surrealism, and for various reasons, the grotesque figures very strongly in that art movement. From the association of surrealist art and Freud, we can derive a cursory understanding of the grotesque in thisRead MoreNo Attic By Shaw s Heartbreak House : An Analysis Of Women And Capitalism Essay2095 Words   |  9 Pageson psychoanalysis and look at Sigmund Freud’s thoughts on repressions and neuroses. A working definition of neurosis might be given in order follow along Freud’s interpretation. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines it as â€Å"a mental and emotional disorder that affects only part of the personality†. As such, neuroses do not stop people from acting seemingly normally in society, but they can prevent them from building healthy relationships. Furthermore, Freud’s research is mainly focused on the unconsciousRead MoreThe Uncanny, A Freudian Term, By Sigmund Freud1993 Words   |  8 PagesThe â€Å"uncanny†, a Freudian term, is used to describe a situation or feeling that feels familiar and foreign at the same time. Through the writings and ideas of Ernst Jentech, and Sigmund Freud, it is defined. Between them th e uncanny is described as ...intellectual uncertainty; so that the uncanny would always, as it were, be something one does not know one’s way about in. The better oriented in his environment a person is, the less readily will he get the impression of something uncanny in regardRead MoreAn Analysis of Freuds Uncanny4369 Words   |  17 Pages Freuds Uncanny Repression Freuds Uncanny had many concepts and ideas extracted from it. The idea of repression and dark secrets was one of the most prominent ones. Linked with these ideas were various elements like coincidences, supernatural powers and spooky settings that set the stage for a mysterious tale. Many authors have made use of these elements of literature to make the readers stay on the edge of their seat. Two books that will be discussed in detail are The Picture of Dorian Gray

Solutions to the Foreclosure Crisis in Cleveland Essay

Cleveland, Ohio faces a vacant property crisis. Steady abandonment of vacant properties, both residential and commercial, has diminished stability, property values, and public safety in the city of Cleveland and its neighboring suburbs. This multi-faceted problem of mortgage loan delinquency and bank walk-aways in Cleveland has generated an extensive legal discussion concerning pressing public policy matters. The foreclosure crisis in Cleveland has imposed significant financial burdens upon taxpayers and area residents who have been forced to shoulder burdens that are rightfully the responsibility of borrowers, mortgage lenders and others that are direct parties to the mortgage transaction. Indeed, â€Å"the failure of borrowers and lenders†¦show more content†¦The outcome of that case, and the judgment orders placed upon Wells Fargo to bring foreclosed properties it owns in Cleveland up to city code, provides a foundation for foreclosure legislation reform and ideas to rebuild and revitalize Cleveland. The Challenges of Vacant Properties in Cleveland: Who is Interstate Investment, LLC? According to the National Vacant Properties Campaign, no uniform policy or consistent definition of a vacant or abandoned property exists. â€Å"Vacant properties can include abandoned, boarded-up buildings; unused lots that attract trash and debris; vacant or under-performing commercial properties known as greyfields (such as under-leased shopping malls and strip commercial properties); and neglected industrial properties with environmental contamination known as brownfields. Vacant properties impose massive costs, and municipalities like Cleveland bear the costs of foreclosures, both fiscal and social. The foreclosure crisis is changing the Real Estate Owned (REO) process. Some banks hold off on following through with foreclosures or letting empty houses sit in limbo, where they deteriorate further, instead of selling them. Cleveland has dealt with these â€Å"toxic titles,† as banks like Wells Fargo have refused toShow MoreRelatedThe Decline Of The Foreclosure Crisis1514 Words   |  7 PagesThe historic loss of industry and the effects of the foreclosure crisis have left Cleveland s Population dwindling to about 400,000 people with an aging housing stock that was built for more than a million. The city estimates that as many as 15,000 houses are vacant more than half are condemned and awaiting demolition. Weak housing markets in Cleveland caused a regional housing problem. We face a regional economic growth problem that stems in part from long-term population loss. When citiesRead MoreThe Historic Loss Of Industry And The Effects Of The Foreclosure Crisis1516 Words   |  7 PagesProblem statement The historic loss of industry and the effects of the foreclosure crisis have left Cleveland s Population dwindling to about 400,000 people with an aging housing stock that was built for more than a million. The city estimates that as many as 15,000 houses are vacant more than half are condemned and awaiting demolition. Weak housing markets in Cleveland caused a regional housing problem. We face a regional economic growth problem that stems in part from long-term populationRead MoreThe Enigma Of Capital And The Crisis Of Capitalism By David Harvey779 Words   |  4 Pagesreview on was The Enigma of Capital and The Crisis of Capitalism by David Harvey. (Oxford University Press, 2011). The book is about capital flow and how it dictates the very essence of our everyday life. Harvey’s purpose of the book is to help gain a critical understanding of the systemic logic of capitalism and of the role that periodic crisis plays. Within that logic begins with a detailed account of the current crisis. Harvey then sets this crisis in longer term historical context presentingRead Morelending market and its aftermath reflec Essays4750 Words   |  19 Pageson the bubble housing crisis. Describe the stages of the bubble for the aliber-paradigm. Using the paradigm to explain problems in stock market and housing bubble burst. The Leir Center For Financial Bubble Research Working Paper #1 THE KINDLEBERGER-ALIBER-MINSKY PARADIGM AND THE GLOBAL SUBPRIME MORTGAGE MELTDOWN William V. Rapp, The New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States, rappw@adm.njit.edu ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the current global financial crisis that originated in theRead MoreSubprime Meltdown: American Housing and Global Financial Turmoil8458 Words   |  34 PagesMeltdown: American Housing and Global Financial Turmoil In early 2008, policy-makers in the United States needed to deal with the frightening after-effects of what had appeared to be a glorious housing boom. The most immediate problem was a wave of foreclosures, which a Senate report predicted could reach 2 million by the end of 2009. Lawmakers sought to relieve the resulting pain and to preserve the longstanding dream of raising the US homeownership rate. Amidst a sea of lawsuits and recrimination, theyRead MoreEssay about The Great Depression in the United States2551 Words   |  11 Pages1934, a strong dust storm hit the Great Plains. It was a two day storm that removed large amounts of topsoil and was considered to be one of the worst storms of the Dust Bowl. The two day storm reached cities in the east such as: Buffalo, Boston, Cleveland, New York City, and Washington D.C. That winter, red snow had fallen due to the dust still in the atmosphere from that summer. Rain was rare and the wind was out of control. As the years went by, t he number of storms increased. April 14, 1935 wasRead MoreHomelessness in Cincinnati Essay3319 Words   |  14 PagesCincinnati. They service people as far as Kentucky and Indiana and more than 20 counties, without discriminating of race, color, or religion. The food bank gives more than 15 million pounds of food to the food pantries, to service the homeless, those in crisis, or anyone in need of food. 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Night World Black Dawn Chapter 19 Free Essays

â€Å"The hunt of your lives,† Hunter Redfern said. Hewas standing handsome and erect, smiling easily. The nobles were gathered around him, and Maggieeven saw some familiar faces in the crowd. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : Black Dawn Chapter 19 or any similar topic only for you Order Now That rough man from Delos’s memories-the one who grabbed his arm, she thought dreamily. And the woman who put the first binding spell on him. They were crowded in the courtyard, their faceseager. The first pale light was just touching thesky-not that the sun was visible, of course. But it was enough to turn the clouds pearly and cast aneerie, almost greenish luminescence over thescene below. â€Å"Twohumans,a witch, and a renegade prince,†Hunter proclaimed. He was enjoying himself hugely, Maggie could tell. â€Å"You’ll never have another chance at prey like this.† Maggie gripped Delos’s hand tightly. Shewasfrightened butatthesame time strangely proud. If the nobles around Hunter wereexpecting their prey to cower or beg, they were going to be disappointed. They were alone, the four of them, in a littleempty space in the square. Maggie and Aradia and Jeanne in their slave clothes, Delos in his leggingsand shirtsleeves. A little wind blew and stirredMaggie’s hair, but otherwise they were perfectly still. Aradia, of course, was always dignified. Just nowher face was grave and sad, but there was no sign of anger or fear in it. She stood at her full height,her huge clear eyes turned toward the crowd, as if they were all welcome guests that she had invited. Jeanne was more rumpled. Her red hair was disheveled and her tunic was wrinkled, but there wasa grim smile on her angular face and a wild battlelight in her green eyes. She was one prey that wasgoing to fight, Maggie knew. Maggie herself was doing her best to live up tothe others. She stood astall as she could, knowing she would never be asimpressive as Aradia, or as devil-may-care as Jeanne, but trying at least to look asif dying came easy to her. Delos was magnificent. In his shirtsleeves, he was more of a prince thanHunter Redfern would ever be. He looked at thecrowd of nobles who had all promised to be loyalto him and were now thirsting for his blood-and he didn’t get mad. He tried to talk to them. â€Å"Watch what happens here,† he said, his voicecarrying easily across the square. â€Å"And don’t forgetit. Are you really going to follow a man who cando this to his own great-grandson? How long is itgoing to be before he turns on you?Before you findyourselves in front of a pack of hunting animals?† â€Å"Shut him up,† Hunter said. He tried to say it jovially, but Maggie could hear thefuryunderneath. And the command didn’t seem to make much sense. Maggie could see the nobles looking at each other-who was supposed to shut him up, and how? â€Å"There are some things thatt have to be stopped,† Delos said. â€Å"And this man is one of them. I admitit, I was willing to go along with him-but that was because I was blind and stupid. I know betternow-and I knew better before he turned againstme. You all know me. Would I be standing here,willing to give up my life for no reason?† There was the tiniest stirring among the nobles. Maggie looked at them hopefully-and then herheart sank. They simply weren’t used to thinking for themselves, or maybe they were used to thinking only of themselves. But she could tell there wasn’t material for a rebellion here. And the slaves weren’t going to be of any help,either. The guards had weapons, they didn’t. Theywere frightened, they were unhappy, but this kind of hunt was something they’d seen before. Theyknew that it couldn’t be stopped. â€Å"This girl came to us peacefully, trying to keepthe alliance between witches and vampire,† Deloswas saying, his hand on Aradia’s shoulder. â€Å"And inreturn we tried to kill her. I’m telling you rightnow, that by spilling her innocent blood, you’re allcommitting a crime that will come back to hauntyou.† Another little stirringamong women, Maggie thought. Witches, maybe? â€Å"Shut him up,† Hunter said, almost bellowing it. And this time he seemed to be saying it to a specific person. Maggie followed his gaze and saw Sylvia near them. â€Å"Some beasts have to be muzzled before they canbe hunted,† Hunter said, looking straight at Sylvia.†So take care of it now. The hunt is about to begin.† Sylvia stepped closer to Delos, a little uneasily.He stared back at her levelly, as if daring her towonder what he’d do when she got nearer. â€Å"Guards!† Hunter Redfern said, sounding tired. The guards moved in. They had two differentkinds of lances, a distant part of Maggie’s mindnoted. One tipped with metal-that must be for humans and witches-and one tipped with wood. For vampires, she thought. If Delos wasn’t careful, he might get skewered in the heart before thehunt even began. â€Å"Now shut his lying mouth,† Hunter Redfernsaid. Sylvia took her basket off her arm. â€Å"In the new order after the millennium, we’llhave hunts like this every day,† Hunter Redfernwas saying, trying to undo the damage that hisgreat-grandson had done. â€Å"Each of us will have a city of humans to hunt. A city of throats to cut, acity of flesh to eat.† Sylvia was fishing in her basket, not afraid tostand close to the vampire prince since he was surrounded by a forest of lances. â€Å"Sylvia,† Aradia said quietly. Sylvia looked up, startled. Maggie saw her eyes,the color of violets. â€Å"Each of us will be a prince-† Hunter Redfernwas saying. â€Å"Sylvia Weald,† Aradia said. Sylvia looked down. â€Å"Don’t talk to me,† she whispered. â€Å"You’re notI’m not one of you anymore.† â€Å"All you have to do is follow me,† Hunter wassaying. â€Å"Sylvia Weald,† Aradia said. â€Å"You were born awitch. Your name means the greenwood, the sacred grove. You are a daughter of Hellewise, andyou will be until you die. You are my sister.† â€Å"I am not,† Sylvia spat. â€Å"You can’t help it. Nothing can break the bond.In your deepest heart you know that. And asMaiden of all the witches, and in the name of Hellewise Hearth-Woman, I adjure you: remove your spell from this boy.† It was the strangest thing-but it didn’t seem tobe Aradia who said it. Oh, it was Aradia’s voice, allright, Maggie thought, and it was Aradia standingthere. But at that moment she seemed to be fusedwith another form-a sort of shining aura allaround her. Someone who was part of her, butmore than she was. It looked, Maggie thought dizzily, like a tallwoman with hair as pale as Sylvia’s and largebrown eyes. Sylvia gasped out, â€Å"Hellewise †¦ .†Her own violeteyes were huge and frightened. Then she just stood frozen. Hunter was ranting on. Maggie could hear himvaguely, but all she could see was Sylvia, the shudders that ran through Sylvia’s frame, the heavingof Sylvia’s chest. Appeal to their true hearts,Maggie thought. â€Å"Sylvia,† she said. â€Å"I believe in you.† The violeteyes turned toward her, amazed. â€Å"I don’t care what you did to Miles; Maggie said.†I know you’re confused-I know you were unhappy. But now you have a chance to make upfor it. You can do something-something importanthere. Something that will change the world.† â€Å"Rivers of blood,† Hunter was raving. â€Å"And noone to stop us. We won’t stop with enslaving thehumans. The witches are our enemies now. Thinkof the power you’ll feel when you drink their lives!† â€Å"If you let this Wild Power be killed, you ‘I! beresponsible for the darkness coming,† Maggie said.†Only you. Because you’re the only one who canstop it right now.† Sylvia put a trembling hand to her cheek. Shelooked as if she were about to faint. â€Å"Do you really want to go down in history as the one who destroyed the world?† Maggie said. â€Å"As Maiden of all the witches †¦Ã¢â‚¬ Aradia said.And another, deepervoiceseemed to follow on hers like anecho , As Mother o f all the witches †¦Ã¢â‚¬ And in the name of Hellewise . . And in the name of my children†¦ â€Å"As you are a Hearth-Woman †¦Ã¢â‚¬  As you are my own daughter, a true Hearth Woman †¦ â€Å"I adjure you!†Aradia said, and her voice rangout in double tones so clearly that it actuallystopped Hunter in midtirade. It stopped everyone. For an instant there was absolutely no sound in the courtyard. Everyone wa: looking around to see where the voice had come from. Sylvia was simply staring at Aradia. Then the violet eyes shut and her entire bodyshivered in a sigh. When she spoke it was on the barest whisper of breath, and only someone as close as Maggie wa:could have heard her. â€Å"As a daughter of Hellewise, I obey.† And then she was reaching for Delos’s arm, ancDelos was reaching toward her. And Hunter wa: shouting wildly, but Maggie couldn’t make out thewords. She couldn’t make out Sylvia’s words, ei.ther, but she saw her lips move, and she saw the slender pale fingers clasp Delos’s wrist. And saw the lance coming just before it piercecSylvia’s heart. Then,as if everything came into focus at once she realized what Hunter had been shouting in i voice so distorted it was barely recognizable. â€Å"Kill her! Kill her!† And that’s just what they’d done, Maggie thoughther mind oddly clear, evenasa wave of horror andpity seemed to engulf her body. The lance wen right through Sylvia. It knocked her backwardaway from Delos, and blood spurted all over thefront of Sylvia’s beautiful green dress. And Sylvia looked toward Hunter Redfern andsmiled. This time Maggie could read the words orher lips. â€Å"Too late.† Delos turned. There was red blood on his whiteshirthis own, Maggie realized. He’d tried to getin the way of the guard’s killing Sylvia. But nowhe had eyes only for his greatgrandfather. â€Å"It stops here!† She had seen the blue fire before, but never likethis. The blast was like a nuclear explosion. Itstruck where Hunter Redfern was standing with hismost loyal nobles around him, and then it shot upinto the sky in a pillar of electric blue. And it wenton and on, from sky to earth and back again, as ifthe sun were falling in front of the castle. How to cite Night World : Black Dawn Chapter 19, Essay examples

Measuring And Monitor Project Performance -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Measuring And Monitor Project Performance? Answer: Introduction Project management plays an integral role in successful completion of a project. This is the reason why majority of the organization adopt a project management approach in implementation of a project. The use of different project management tools help in proper management of a project. Therefore, it can be said that a projects success largely depends on the chosen project management approach. However, there can be certain issues in project management as well such as leadership, insufficient pre pans and inability to track the progress of a project (Trivellas Drimoussis, 2013). The project manger is responsible for tracking the project progress and ensuring that the professional and ethics codes of conduct are followed during the implementation of the project. The 10 weeks learning has been very helpful in understanding the concept and basics of project management. Proper project management approach helps in identification of critical success factors of a project, evaluation of which helps in proper management and implementation of a project (Mir Pinnington, 2014). Project governance is an important aspect of project management and therefore should be tailored according to the specific needs of an organization. Planning and scheduling of the project is another important project need. Proper scheduling of a project is essential to ensure that the project is completed within a given schedule (Heagney, 2016). The project manager of a project is responsible for handling every critical situation of a project including the initial planning and project budgeting. The detailed learning experience of 12 weeks is elaborated in the following paragraphs. Course Learning Outcomes The Project management methods and concepts have been widely adopted by a number of organizations over the years as it helps in improving the methods applied in project management (Turner, 2016). I have a considerable knowledge about the project management methodologies used in different projects from my own personal experience. The increasing use of different project management methodologies have revolutionized the way of project implementation as it has become even more practical and calculative over the years (Kerzner, 2017). Use of proper project management methodology increases the rate of profits of an organization. Whatever be the size of the project, it is needed to be managed. A proper project management methodology helps in overcoming different challenges faced in project implementation by properly planning the project from its initiation phase to its completion. It provides clarity on the processes used in managing a project. I have understood that different organizations adapt to the project management methodologies as it helps in clearly defining the roles of the project team members. The lesson learnt in following a particular approach helps in implementing the same in some other similar projects. A proper project management approach furthermore helps in identifying managing the tasks that are needed to be done in order to successfully implement a project. I have experienced the use of a formal project management methodology in my professional carrier. For successful implementation of any project a proper communication plan is necessary in order to communicate the project progress among all the stakeholders associated with a project. Therefore, it can be said that project management helps in effective decision making and saves a lot of time and money in implementing a project. This is the major reason why organizations adopt different project management methodologies in successful implementation of a project. Evidence I have worked in a software manufacturing company working in development of the different important software. There I have gained a considerable experience about the different project management methodologies that are implemented in the organization. Furthermore, the 12 weeks course learning of project management has helped in gaining a detailed knowledge about the most basic concepts of project management (Schwalbe, 2015). The lecture slides have been a great help in understanding the different project management approaches that can be implemented for successful completion of a project. The role of the project manager and the project supervisor is integral for successful completion of any project. The experience that I have gathered while working on different project has considerably helped me in understanding the importance of project management methodology in successful execution of a project (Kerzner Kerzner, 2017). Critically analyse the impact of Project Management Methodologies upon stakeholders While working on a project, I have understood that stakeholders hold an important position in any project success. Therefore, it is utmost essential to keep the project stakeholders informed about the project progress. Since it is essential for the project team members to inform about the project progress to the stakeholders, choosing a proper project management approach has a large impact on the project stakeholders. Project management methodologies play a large role in systematically planning and executing a project. In almost every project management methodology, stakeholder management is a significant part. While working on different projects, I understood that management of the stakeholders requires interpersonal skills. A proper project management methodology helps in planning a proper way of communicating with the project stakeholders. Project management is a complex process and a difficult challenge mainly in large and complex projects. Proper management of the stakeholders significantly improves and increases the chances of achieving project success. Every project management methodology involves proper evaluation of the project risk, which is one of the major principles of stakeholder management as well. Therefore, a selected project management methodology has a huge impact on the stakeholders associated with the project. Continuous communication with the stakeholder of a project is essential for keeping the stakeholders engaged with the project, as stakeholders communication is a key factor in ensuring the success or failure of a project. The project management methodologies further help in effective management and engagement of the stakeholders associated with a project. While working in one complex projects, I have witnessed the importance of the managing the stakeholders as many important decisions associated with a project is dependent on the project stakeholders. Therefore, it can be said that project management methodologies have a high impact on the project stakeholders. The 12 weeks course learning has given me a brief overview of the different processes of stakeholder management and importance of stakeholders management in project. The project manager is responsible for ensuring proper communication among the stakeholders. This is essential for keeping the stakeholders informed about the project progress. The course of project management has helped me in understanding the impact of the stakeholders on the different project management methodologies chosen for a project. The project management processes associated with the each project methodology is different and therefore a proper project methodology is to be chosen based on the requirements of the project. I have gained this knowledge by working on a real time project with a software company. Furthermore, I have gained knowledge about the need of keeping the stakeholders engaged for a project. Therefore, it is quite evident that project management methodologies have a huge impact on the stakeholde rs associated with a project. Explain and justify the major elements of a Project Management Methodology that might meet the needs of an organisation The major elements of the project management methodology that an organization needs are proper scheduling and management of the project within the set budget. Apart from this, one of the major elements of any project management methodology is evaluation of scope of a project. It is important to evaluate the scope of the project as it helps in identifying and listing the project objectives. An improper scope selection will eventually lead to failure of the project. Management of project scope indicates a set of processes that ensures that a project is accurately defined and mapped. Throughout this course study, I have gained considerable knowledge about the different scope management techniques that project managers undertake for successful completion of a project. Another major element of a project management methodology is dividing a project into number of phases. A project management methodology is generally chosen for proper implementation of the project. Planning phase is another major element of project management methodology. It is one of the initial project stages upon which the entire project will be based on. I have understood the importance of the different project management elements that an organization needs to undertake for ensuring the success of the project (Canils Bakens, 2012). The main aim of an organization implementing a project is its successful completion within the allocated time. The planning phase of the project plans the different stages and processes associated with a project. The knowledge about the importance of scope, planning and scheduling is an important need of an organization as these elements of project management contributes to the success of the project. Requirements gathering and planning are major elements of project management methodology that meets the needs of an organization. Use of different project management tools such as Gantt chart and different scheduling tools helps an organization in implementing a project in a specified time frame. EvidenceWhile working on a software project I have experienced and understood the importance of the project scheduling. One of the major needs of an organization working on software projects is to deliver the product within a scheduled time (Niazi et al., 2016). Furthermore, the 12 week course on project management has given me a clear idea of the different project management tools and elements that are an integral part of any project. Therefore, it is quite evident that an organization needs to have a detailed knowledge about the different project management tools and elements in order to implement a project successfully (Dyb, Dingsyr Moe, 2014). Working in the 10 weeks portfolios has further help me in gaining a detailed knowledge about the different processes and methods of project management, that will be a great help for organizations working on different projects. Conclusion Throughout 12 weeks of learning about project management methodologies, I have understood the fundamental knowledge about the different project management methodologies and the detailed process of project management. Throughout this course of project management, I have understood the importance of critical thinking and critical writing. Critical thinking helps in understanding and evaluating the logical connection between different new ideas and helps in analysing the different perspective of different individuals. Critical writing on the other hand helps in engaging to more critical concepts and writing it down. There are certain constraints associated with a project. The different constraints such as time cost and quality ensures successful completion of the project. However, the project success largely depends on the knowledge, understanding and implementation techniques that constitute the basic elements of project management. The project management course and learning of 12 week s has made be understand the importance of a project manager in ensuring project success (Doloi, 2012). The project manager is responsible for carrying out the different important stages associated with a project, such as, communication planning, risk management, developing the project control strategies and so on. Evaluating the project scope is an important element of project management, as improper scope evaluation results in failure of the projects (Marcelino-Sdaba et al., 2014). Implementation of a project without a proper project management methodology might not be successful as it is one of the significant factors of a project. Apart from this, developing a proper communication plan is important to communicate the project progress among the different stakeholders associated with a project (Beringer, Jonas Kock, 2013). Choosing a particular project management approach has a high impact on the stakeholders associated with a project. One of the major elements of project management is proper governance of the project (Fleming Koppelman, 2016,). Project governance however, should follow the legal rules and regulations. Project governance is an essential part of project management as it helps in ensuring proper progress of a project. One of the major elements project methodologies is project scheduling and use of work breakdown structures to gather an idea about the works that are needed to be completed within the project (Devi Reddy, 2012). Work breakdown structures are used to break a task into a number of simpler tasks, successful implementation of which will lead to project success. The different elements of project management methodologies correspond to the need of an organization working on a project. 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